Application of Science, Technology, and Innovation in Forest Management

Aplikasi Pemanfaatan Ilmu Pengetahuan, Teknologi dan Inovasi  dalam Manajemen Hutan

Abstract

Traditional conservation in forest protected areas is often hindered by poor accessibility, slow responses to threats such as poaching and deforestation, and a reliance on manual data collection that is costly, time-consuming, and prone to subjectivity. This study aims to synthesize advancements in Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) and evaluate their contribution to enhancing the effectiveness of evidence-based forest conservation management. Employing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method with a qualitative-analytical approach, the study analyzes reputable literature from Scopus and Web of Science. The findings indicate that the integration of STI drives a transition from reactive management to predictive and proactive conservation. The use of technologies such as SMART Patrol has been shown to increase threat detection effectiveness by up to 80% compared to conventional patrols. AI-based camera trap image analysis accelerates wildlife identification by up to 99%, while the use of drones and remote sensing reduces field survey costs and time by 50–70%. Thus, the adoption of STI is empirically proven to enhance technical capacity, operational efficiency, and the sustainability of protected area management.

Keywords: evidence-based conservation, forest management, science and technology, remote sensing, protected areas