Transformasi Digital pada UMKM di Pasar Berkembang: Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis Tentang Adopsi Teknologi dan Kinerja Bisnis

Authors

  • Stefen R. A. Taroreh Universitas Muhammadiyah Manado Author https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6472-9135
  • Noldy Takaliuang Universitas Parna Raya Author
  • Marvin L. Wenno Universitas Manado Author
  • Jenneke W. M. Maasi Universitas Pembangunan Indonesia Manado Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.57207/nhvp5v64

Keywords:

transformasi digital, UMKM , pasar berkembang , kinerja bisnis, systematic literature review

Abstract

Transformasi digital telah menjadi agenda strategis bagi usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah (UMKM) di negara-negara pasar berkembang, namun pemahaman yang utuh mengenai pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja bisnis masih terbatas dan tersebar. Tinjauan literatur sistematis ini bermaksud menghimpun bukti-bukti empiris yang menghubungkan adopsi teknologi digital dengan kinerja UMKM di kawasan berkembang, sekaligus memetakan variabel-variabel yang berperan sebagai mediator dan moderator dalam hubungan tersebut. Dengan mengacu pada protokol PRISMA 2020, pencarian literatur dilakukan secara sistematis melalui basis data Scopus dan Web of Science untuk publikasi periode 2017–2026. Dari 519 artikel yang teridentifikasi, sebanyak 55 artikel memenuhi kriteria kelayakan dan dianalisis lebih lanjut. Melalui sintesis tematik, teridentifikasi empat pokok temuan utama. Pertama, pola adopsi teknologi digital pada UMKM di pasar berkembang berlangsung secara bertahap—diawali dengan pemanfaatan media sosial sebagai pintu masuk, dilanjutkan dengan penggunaan platform e-commerce, dan masih terbatas pada teknologi lanjutan seperti kecerdasan buatan maupun komputasi awan. Kedua, transformasi digital terbukti membawa dampak positif yang konsisten terhadap kinerja bisnis multidimensi melalui peningkatan efisiensi operasional, perluasan jangkauan pasar, serta penguatan kapasitas inovasi. Ketiga, faktor-faktor pendorong adopsi mencakup persepsi manfaat, kesiapan organisasional, dan tekanan persaingan, sementara hambatan utamanya meliputi keterbatasan sumber daya finansial, rendahnya literasi digital, serta infrastruktur yang belum memadai. Keempat, hubungan antara transformasi digital dan kinerja bisnis dimediasi oleh kapabilitas digital, inovasi bisnis, resiliensi kewirausahaan, dan inovasi model bisnis, serta dimoderasi oleh dinamisme lingkungan, dukungan pemerintah, kapabilitas transformasi digital, karakteristik UMKM, dan kesiapan digital. Sebagai kontribusi kebaruan, tulisan ini mengajukan Model Kapabilitas Digital Terintegrasi untuk Kinerja UMKM Pasar Berkembang (KDT-KU), sebuah kerangka konseptual yang memadukan perspektif Resource Based View dan Dynamic Capabilities Theory dengan mempertimbangkan keterbatasan sumber daya yang khas pada UMKM di negara berkembang. Implikasi bagi pengembangan teori, rekomendasi praktis bagi pemangku kepentingan, serta agenda penelitian mendatang turut dibahas secara komprehensif.

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2026-07-16

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Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Lentera: Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat

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Copyright (c) 2026 Stefen R. A. Taroreh, Noldy Takaliuang, Marvin L. Wenno, Jenneke W. M. Maasi (Author)

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Transformasi Digital pada UMKM di Pasar Berkembang: Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis Tentang Adopsi Teknologi dan Kinerja Bisnis. (2026). Jurnal Lentera: Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, 7(2), 174-187. https://doi.org/10.57207/nhvp5v64